All ceramic veneer production process, let you see clearly!
1¡¢ Types and material characteristics of porcelain veneer
1. The ultra thin veneer of cast porcelain is made into different forms of veneer wax on the preparation model, and then the wax pattern is embedded and the porcelain veneer is made by casting. Features: the veneer has better strength and toughness, and the transparency is similar to glaze, and the color is more natural when used. Because the ceramic veneer is hot pressed, its edge tightness is better, after many times heating (coloring, glaze), it can also increase its strength, and it is not easy to deformation and shrinkage. But the effect of color shading on the surface of cast porcelain is poor, and the thickness is not less than 0.3mm, and the tooth tissue needs not be removed.
2. Cad/cam porcelain veneer is scanned by professional scanner, designed by computer, and cut by high precision machine tools to form the initial shape of ceramic veneer. Then, it is made by manual dyeing or processing the inner layer and then sintering by stacking porcelain method. The process of making this kind of porcelain veneer is simple and time-saving. Because of the use of high-strength materials, the veneer made is of high strength, not easy to break, and the effect of color shading is good. However, the precision is poor and in order to improve the aesthetic effect of the porcelain veneer, it is necessary to make a thick veneer (about 0.5mm), and a small amount of tooth tissue needs to be ground.
2¡¢ Advantages and disadvantages of porcelain veneer repair
As a form of all ceramic restoration, ceramic veneer is fixed on the surface of teeth by resin binder, which has the common advantages of all ceramic restorations and its own characteristics.
1. Advantages
(1) The color beautiful porcelain material can imitate the shape structure, surface characteristics, color and transparency of natural teeth more realistically. After resin bonding, the edge of porcelain veneer and the preparation body are too natural, so as to avoid the appearance of gray line in the neck of teeth.
(2) The preparation of porcelain veneer with less teeth volume only needs to grind the lip and part of the adjacent surface, cutting end and tongue palate surface of the teeth, which is less than that of the whole crown.
(3) Liquid absorption resistance: porcelain materials have high density and are not easy to absorb colored liquid, so they are not easy to change color.
(4) Good biocompatibility: porcelain is inert material, which does not stimulate adjacent tissues.
(5) Wear resistance: high strength of porcelain, strong anti abrasion and wear ability.
(6) Periodontal health care: the edge of porcelain veneer restoration body is designed on the gingiva or even with the gingival margin, which is easy to clean, and the porcelain surface after glaze is not easy to attach plaque, which is conducive to gum health£¨ 7) Firm and reliable bond: after bonding with resin binder, the edge is close and not easy to fall off.
2. Disadvantages
(1) The porcelain veneer is very thin, which requires high technical requirements and takes time to make.
(2) The clinical bonding process is complex.
(3) The color cannot be modified after the porcelain veneer is bonded.
(4) After the bonding of the porcelain veneer, if there is any damage and is not easy to repair, it must be remade.
(5) The effect of color shading of porcelain paste on heavy stained teeth is not ideal.
3¡¢ Indications and taboos of porcelain veneer repair
Porcelain veneer was used only to cover the discoloration anterior teeth and repair small tooth defects. In recent years, with the development of materials and bonding materials, the indications of porcelain restoration have been expanded.
1. Indications
(1) Restoration of discolored teeth: changes in tooth color caused by tetracycline, dead pulp, fluorosis, etc. The best effect is porcelain veneer for the treatment of fluorosis, and it is difficult to repair the severe tetracycline teeth and single dead teeth.
(2) The enamel defect was light and moderate.
(3) Repair the anterior teeth space.
(4) Anterior tooth defect: porcelain veneer can be used to repair the defect of anterior teeth less than 4mm, which is caused by tooth fracture and caries.
(5) Repair the abnormal teeth.
2. Contraindications
(1) When serious enamel defect is serious, it is forbidden to use veneer repair, and full crown repair is considered.
(2) Porcelain veneer can not be used to correct the tooth column irregularity. After orthodontic treatment, the veneer repair can be considered.
(3) If the lip of deep jaw and lower teeth is seriously worn and no gap is found, it cannot be repaired directly with the veneer.
(4) When repairing the anti jaw teeth and designing porcelain veneer for the cutting teeth, we should be careful to adjust the bite, and the porcelain veneer is forbidden if the occlusal cannot be adjusted.
(5) If there is bad habit of mouth, the porcelain veneer should be used carefully. The bite adjustment should be done well. If the bite cannot be adjusted, the porcelain veneer shall be forbidden.
4¡¢ Three types of porcelain veneer
1. The ultra thin veneer of cast porcelain is made into different forms of veneer wax on the preparation model, and then the wax pattern is embedded and the porcelain veneer is made by casting. Features: the veneer has better strength and toughness, and the transparency is similar to glaze, and the color is more natural when used. Because the ceramic veneer is hot pressed, its edge tightness is better, after many times heating (coloring, glaze), it can also increase its strength, and it is not easy to deformation and shrinkage. But the effect of color shading on the surface of cast porcelain is poor, and the thickness is not less than 0.3mm, and the tooth tissue needs not be removed.
2. Cad/cam porcelain veneer is scanned by professional scanner, designed by computer, and cut by high precision machine tools to form the initial shape of ceramic veneer. Then, it is made by manual dyeing or processing the inner layer and then sintering by stacking porcelain method. The process of making this kind of porcelain veneer is simple and time-saving. Because of the use of high-strength materials, the veneer made is of high strength, not easy to break, and the effect of color shading is good. However, the precision is poor and in order to improve the aesthetic effect of the porcelain veneer, it is necessary to make a thick veneer (about 0.5mm), and a small amount of tooth tissue needs to be ground.
2¡¢ Advantages and disadvantages of porcelain veneer repair
As a form of all ceramic restoration, ceramic veneer is fixed on the surface of teeth by resin binder, which has the common advantages of all ceramic restorations and its own characteristics.
1. Advantages
(1) The color beautiful porcelain material can imitate the shape structure, surface characteristics, color and transparency of natural teeth more realistically. After resin bonding, the edge of porcelain veneer and the preparation body are too natural, so as to avoid the appearance of gray line in the neck of teeth.
(2) The preparation of porcelain veneer with less teeth volume only needs to grind the lip and part of the adjacent surface, cutting end and tongue palate surface of the teeth, which is less than that of the whole crown.
(3) Liquid absorption resistance: porcelain materials have high density and are not easy to absorb colored liquid, so they are not easy to change color.
(4) Good biocompatibility: porcelain is inert material, which does not stimulate adjacent tissues.
(5) Wear resistance: high strength of porcelain, strong anti abrasion and wear ability.
(6) Periodontal health care: the edge of porcelain veneer restoration body is designed on the gingiva or even with the gingival margin, which is easy to clean, and the porcelain surface after glaze is not easy to attach plaque, which is conducive to gum health£¨ 7) Firm and reliable bond: after bonding with resin binder, the edge is close and not easy to fall off.
2. Disadvantages
(1) The porcelain veneer is very thin, which requires high technical requirements and takes time to make.
(2) The clinical bonding process is complex.
(3) The color cannot be modified after the porcelain veneer is bonded.
(4) After the bonding of the porcelain veneer, if there is any damage and is not easy to repair, it must be remade.
(5) The effect of color shading of porcelain paste on heavy stained teeth is not ideal.
3¡¢ Indications and taboos of porcelain veneer repair
Porcelain veneer was used only to cover the discoloration anterior teeth and repair small tooth defects. In recent years, with the development of materials and bonding materials, the indications of porcelain restoration have been expanded.
1. Indications
(1) Restoration of discolored teeth: changes in tooth color caused by tetracycline, dead pulp, fluorosis, etc. The best effect is porcelain veneer for the treatment of fluorosis, and it is difficult to repair the severe tetracycline teeth and single dead teeth.
(2) The enamel defect was light and moderate.
(3) Repair the anterior teeth space.
(4) Anterior tooth defect: porcelain veneer can be used to repair the defect of anterior teeth less than 4mm, which is caused by tooth fracture and caries.
(5) Repair the abnormal teeth.
2. Contraindications
(1) When serious enamel defect is serious, it is forbidden to use veneer repair, and full crown repair is considered.
(2) Porcelain veneer can not be used to correct the tooth column irregularity. After orthodontic treatment, the veneer repair can be considered.
(3) If the lip of deep jaw and lower teeth is seriously worn and no gap is found, it cannot be repaired directly with the veneer.
(4) When repairing the anti jaw teeth and designing porcelain veneer for the cutting teeth, we should be careful to adjust the bite, and the porcelain veneer is forbidden if the occlusal cannot be adjusted.
(5) If there is bad habit of mouth, the porcelain veneer should be used carefully. The bite adjustment should be done well. If the bite cannot be adjusted, the porcelain veneer shall be forbidden.
4¡¢ Three types of porcelain veneer
The preparation of tooth body of porcelain veneer is one of the key factors affecting the effect of restoration. Proper tooth preparation can provide a certain space for porcelain veneer, make the tooth appearance beautiful after restoration, and the patient feels comfortable and is conducive to tissue health care. The following three methods are often used for the preparation of clinical teeth for porcelain veneer restoration
(window type) this type is commonly used in: no need to modify crown length, mostly used for upper anterior teeth.
(butt) butt joint is commonly used: if the cutting end length is needed to be modified, the butt type or wrapping type can be selected for the lower anterior teeth and the thinner cutting end of crown
(wrapping) the preparation of the wrapped tooth body is mainly used for: the crown cutting end has a certain thickness, such as: the preparation of the surface restoration of the canine.
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